357 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
357 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
Introduction:
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This is a project for a museum to demonstrate a simulation of a 1950's to 1960's
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vintage marine radar and air traffic control radar
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The project will be implemented on a Geekom A8 Max
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with AMD AI chip R9-8945HS with 32 GB ram
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# Project: C++ OpenGL Radar Simulation
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**Environment:** Ubuntu Linux (Remote SSH from Windows)
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**Tech Stack:** C++20, OpenGL 3.3 Core, GLFW, GLAD, FreeType
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The operating system is Linux (Ubuntu)
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Details:
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Distributor ID: Ubuntu
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Description: Ubuntu 25.10
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Release: 25.10
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Codename: questing
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The compiler is cpp (Ubuntu 15.2.0-4ubuntu4) 15.2.0
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We plan to use the cmake for building.
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Please add MIT license header to each file
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Please add Author: Mark Allyn to each file
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Here is the directory structure with files already installed:
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All directories are in the new-radar top level directory. The
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entire directory list is /home/maallyn/new-radar on the Geekom.
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./shaders
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./shaders/CLAUDE.md
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./glad
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./glad/src
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./glad/src/glad.c
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./include
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./include/glad
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./include/glad/glad.h
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./include/CLAUDE.md
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./include/KHR
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./include/KHR/khrplatform.h
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./new-claude
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./README.md
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./CMakeLists.txt
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./build
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./build/CLAUDE.md
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./CLAUDE.md
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./.new-claude.swp
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./LICENSE
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./src
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./src/CLAUDE.md
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==================================================================
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GENERAL STUFF
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==================================================================
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Please note that all on-screen text shall be white and fully
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illuminated and is not subject to phosphor persistance or decay.
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Exceptions:
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Graticule text: should be incandescent for the bearing marks.
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Graticale text for all a-scope should be incandenecent, not white
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and not phosphor as they are dependent on glass graticules with etched
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lines and text.
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PPI Scope Range Ring Markers Text on the PPI scope range rings shall be blue
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fade to yellow green as on p7 phosphor. Which is the same for ppi targets.
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Please note that direction as stated here are True directions. 000 is True North
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Maximum Range is 6 miles for marine type radar
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Maximum Range is 20 miles for air traffic control radar.
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Maximum Range is 100 miles for chain home
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Maximum Range 10 miles for precision approach radar; graticule is
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incandescent showing the azimouth path and elevation path as describe
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below in PAR description. Those graticules are etched glass for minimal
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parralax
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The proposed location of the marine radar antenna is in the middle of Bellingham
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Bay on a 100 foot platform. (This should be mentioned as fictitous in the description)
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Location is 48.74361448950435 latitude, -122.56466911663048 longitude
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The proposed location of the air traffic control radar is the Bellingham
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airport (BLI) control tower. Latitude: 48° 47' 33.7" N ; Longitude: 122° 32' 15.1" W
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The proposed location for the chain home would be at the original location on
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the UK coast facing the European Continent
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The following types of scope will be used; (note that these are not all
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going to show at once. They will be selectable using a push button (a letter
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the keyboard until I get physical buttons that are connected to a gpio pin.
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The selection key should be s (short for scope)
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PLease note that all keyboard based controls need to be described in each
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scope's left hand text panel. These are different for each scope. Note that
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the s for selecting a scope should be in each scope's description and what
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would the next scope be.
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Also not that when the radar exhibit starts, the very first option will
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be on the screen. Then the screen will advance through the scopes by two means;
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the pressing of the s key by the user, or automatically at every 120 seconds. You will
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need to emphasize in the first desciption that you can advance without waiting
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for the automatic advancing by pressing the s key. This should be articulated for the
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discrition window for each scope. When the main exhibit descriptor screen comes up, it's
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important to highlight the feature that the user can press the s key any time to 'hurry up'
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the scope advancement.
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Also ensure that the timeout clock will reset when the user changes to a new scope, or presses
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any key or operate any control on the panel. This
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should be articulated in the descriptive text
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1. Exhibit introduction - a text block describing the exhibit and the
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basics on how to use it and what you are seeing. This should be text only. Top would
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be in all caps, "WELCOME TO MUSEUM VINTAGE RADAR EXHIBIT"
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2. Marine A-Scope - (horizontal axis is range; vertical axis is amplitude of
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return pulse; bearing will be set via a bearing control; current implimentation
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would be two keys on the keyboard; one key to go clockwise on bearing and another
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key would be to go counterclockwise. The A scope phosphor is P1, which is green.
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The c key for clockwise on a scope and v for counterclockwise.
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The step rate for this control, before the knob is implemented would be one or two
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degrees per key press, but if the key is held down, it would increase slowly due to
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how long the keep is depressed
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The A scope graticule is manually swapped out at each maximum range value
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by the operator during the period. Here we will have to fake it out. And that
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graticule needs to have an incandescent color. That graticule will have three horizontal
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graticule lines for estimating return pulse strength. The range lines (vertical lines)
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should mush match the interim and final ranges as selected by the max range selelction
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To change maximum range, use key u for up and d for down. Possible settings are 2,4,6
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miles; this must be noted clearly on the description text.
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Max is 2; one interim range at 1
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Max is 4; one interim range at 2
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Max is 6; one interim range at 4
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In addition to the blips for targets, there would be a floor of noise (signal received by
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rain and waves. This needs to be shown.
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3. Chain Home A Scope There is a second use of the a-scope.
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That is for the early world war 2 chain home
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radar. This operated very differently. You have a large array of high power transmitters
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'floodlighting' the target area (in world war 2, that would be the english channel.
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Since we don't care about land reflactions with the original chain home setup was
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facing the englash channel, we can tell visitors that this radar is set at the
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english channelk (do this explanation on the explantation side panel for this
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radar mode. And for simulating operator using this radar, there would be two controls,
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one for the 'nulling the signal at the correct direction; simulating the behavior
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of the goniometer and the other for using the goniometer for elevation. For museum
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accuracy, we need to simulate the sharp 'null' when the goniometer is at the direction
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of the signal. This concept needs to be covered in the description text thoroughly
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as this is a bit advanced. I need your advise to how to do this for children and those
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who never heard of chain home.
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The goniometer vert and h switch could be keys [ and ] and the gonometer tuning
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would be 9 and 0 to avoid using the shift key. The tuning keys should have one unit
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for single press, but a slow build of of speed if key is held down. This has to stay
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slow due to the sudden appearance of the null.
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Targets for Chain Home would all have to be simulated as there will be no ais
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nor ads-b. Simulations would show several aircraft approaching the radar in many
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different directions and ranges. The museum visitor for exercise could try to sort
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out the targets by range and bearing and elevation by the nulling procedure noted
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above as well as the distance of the pulse from the origin.
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The graticule is etched glass (side lit with incandescent lights) with 10 mile
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markers for range (horizontal axis). There are no vertical markers; the signal
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strength value is not important. The only vertical value that is important is the
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nulling of the signal based on bearing and elevation from the manipulation of the
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goniometer.
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The refresh rates for chain home were slow in order to avoid aliasing with targets
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far away, the pulse repitation frequency (PRF) is about 25 times per seconds. This
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rate is 1/2 of the standard 50 hz for brittish power.
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The operator did have a switch to switch from the 25 pulses per second PRF to 12.5
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pulses per second PRF so that they could help eliminate teh range ambiguity
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problem, where a target that is away could appear to be right on site since that echo
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would return at the precise time for the next pulse to go out at 25 PRF. This needs
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to be explained in the explainer window for the chain home. Mention that mountains or planes
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in the continent could have that kind of range. Furthermore, the operator can reduce
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the PRF in order to reduce confusion caused by other radio transmissions such as press-to-talk
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communications transmissions.
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Lets assign key . for toggling between 25 and 12.5 PRF. There is no range selection.
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Note on description; this is to reduce use of the shift key.
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Because of the slow repitition rate, the phosphor used was a early implementation
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of the p7 phosphor so that the targets will still glow between the sweeps and not cause
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flickering.
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Another unique feature would be a response to the drifting problem in early electronics.
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The scope electronics would use a crystal calibrator that puts tiny pips or spikes at
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known intervals (10 miles). The operator would use a knob, or control, to stretch or
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shrink the electronic trace so tht the 10 mile pips align perfectly with the 10 mile
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marks on the edge lit glass graticule.
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Lets assign keya n for shrink and m for stretch. (may be ambiguous, but I am running
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out of keys. Note in the descriptor.
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4. Marine PPI Scope -
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maring scopes have the following items in common:
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Targets, range rings, and range ring text levels shall be treated the same for
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presentation. All are P7 phosphor. Immediatel strike by the electron beam is blue.
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persistance is green/yellow. Targets, range rings, and range ring labels shall all
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persiste and fade out together. They should be faded out by the time the sweep
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to that location.
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The maximum range settings are 6 miles for the marine radar scope
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Rings should be 2,4, and 6 miles for marine.
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The max range settings for marine ppi will be u for up and d for
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down. If you are in the marine ppi, you change only the max range for the marine
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ppi. The possible max range values for
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the marine radar are 2,4,6
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miles.
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Marine:
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Max is 2; one interim range at 1, final ring at 2
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Max is 4; one interim range at 2, final ring at 4
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Max is 6; one interim range at 4, final ring at 6
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Note on range. If cursor range is beyone max, clamp it to the max.
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Bear in mind that the max range setting is independent for both radars.
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The bearing graticle (lit incandescent) There shold
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be an inner circle with tickmarks for each degree, starting at 0 (north) and going
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clockwise to the last tick, which is 359. Outside the innter ring shall be text
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labels for every 15 degrees. Outside the text labels, there will be
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an outer ring. Both inner and outer rings, along with ticks, and the bearing
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labels are to be incandescent color.
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The sweep time shall be 4 seconds for the marine scope
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The sweep direction is clockwise, which means that the entenna
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dish rotates clockwise.
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The scope has a cursor for range and bearing. The cursor consists of a
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section of a ring ( 10 degrees) and a cross line for bearing.
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The cursor should be yellow (it
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a plastic overlay in the period time. Two controls control the cursor; range and
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bearing. Both were physical crank controls. For now, both we need to use key pairs
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on the keyboard. A white text indication of range and bearing should be put under
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the scope. In the real day, it was a machanical readout. The key sewuence would be
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r for bearing to the right and l for bearing for the left; and t for higher range
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and y for smaller range. These controls should have slow movement for single stroke; but
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gradual for for holding key down.
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5. Air Traffic PPI Scope -
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Targets, range rings, and range ring text levels
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All are P7 phosphor. Immediatel strike by the electron beam is blue.
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persistance is green/yellow. Targets, range rings, and range ring labels shall all
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persiste and fade out together. They should be faded out by the time the sweep
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to that location.
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Rings should be 5,10,15,20 for the air traffic control radar.
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The max range settings for air ppi will be u for up and d for
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down. Use of these controls affect only the scope you are in. No other scopes are
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affected.
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The ranges for air traffic control radar are 5,10,15,20
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miles.
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Air Traffic Control:
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Max is 5; one interim rainge; two total; rings at 2.5; final ring at 5
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Max is 10; four interim ranges, five total; 2,4,6,8; final ring at 10
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Max is 15; three interim ranges four total; 4,8,12; final ring at 15
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Max is 20, three interim ranges four total; 5,10,15; final ring at 20
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Note on range. If cursor range is beyone max, clamp it to the max.
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Bear in mind that the max range setting is independent for both radars.
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The bearing graticle (lit incandescent) for the scopes are the same. There shold
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be an inner circle with tickmarks for each degree, starting at 0 (north) and going
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clockwise to the last tick, which is 359. Outside the innter ring shall be text
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labels for every 15 degrees. Outside the text labels, there will be
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an outer ring. Both inner and outer rings, along with ticks, and the bearing
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labels are to be incandescent color.
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The sweep time shall be 5 seconds for the
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air traffic scope.
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The sweep direction on the scope is clockwise, which means that the entenna
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dish rotates clockwise.
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The scope has cursor for range and bearing. The cursor consists of a
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section of a ring ( 10 degrees) and a cross line for bearing.
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The cursor should be yellow (it
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a plastic overlay in the period time. Two controls control the cursor; range and
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bearing. Both were physical crank controls. For now, both we need to use key pairs
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on the keyboard. A white text indication of range and bearing should be put under
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the scope. In the real day, it was a machanical readout. The key sewuence would be
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r for bearing to the right and l for bearing for the left; and t for higher range
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and y for smaller range.
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These controls should have slow movement for single stroke; but
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gradual for for holding key down.
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6. Precision approach (PAR for short)
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PAR was developed in WWII and matured in the 1950s. With a fixec 10 mile range, it was
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controller who talked the pilot down verbally over radio, which means that the pilot
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does not have to rely on any equipment on the plane itself to help with landing.
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The display shows the full 10-mile approach path, but the controller's active guidance window
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is roughly the last 5 miles, intensifying from about 2 miles out to touchdown.
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This needs to be carefully explained on the explainer screen.
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Lets locate this at the south end of Runway 16/34 landing at BLI and lets have the
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active runway 34 (northbound landing)
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Locate at the end of Runway 16/34
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at Bellingham Airport (BLI). Two vertically stacked scopes share the
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right panel. Top scope: azimuth (lateral deviation vs. range from
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touchdown). Bottom scope: elevation (vertical deviation vs. range).
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Have the azimouth scope to about 1/3 larger than the elevation scope
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Both use P7 phosphor; graticules are incandescent etched glass.
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Range: 10 miles maximum, fixed (no range change control).
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Non-linear scale: inner 5 miles occupies 70% of horizontal width.
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All targets are simulated. No cursor or bearing controls; PAR
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has no bearing selection — it always points toward the runway.
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Sweep rate: approximately 30 Hz alternating between azimuth and
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elevation planes so that each will scan 1/15 th of a second.
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[remove modularity and threads; will work this out later before implementation]
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For each scope, put the scope itself on the right hand of the window.
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On the left hand of the window will be a text description of that scope.
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Underneath each scope's description will be cursor range and bearing from the radar
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location; and the setting of maximum range; and the bearing offset; for 0 would
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be to have 0 degrees pointing to true north (this is needed if I decide to
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implement a radar on a boat. If implimented, use k for bearing to right; and
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j for bearing to left. Make note in description that this is only used if this
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is a radar on a boat. (perhaps later on, I could ad a PPI on a boat scenario)
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Please note that some keys may be the same from scope to scope. This is okay. Each
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scope's controls are for that scope that you are connected do.They will not effect
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settings on another scope.
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Please note that the maximum range setting on a scope specific to that scope
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and will be in that scope's definition. and the bearing selection
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is scope specific. The manually operated radar dish for the a scope is not the same
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as the PPI radar dishes. They are from different eras. In addition, all range and
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bearing data for marine is separate than for air traffic control. They are completly
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different radars. Range and bearing for the precision aproach radar will be different
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than any other radar as that radar is located at the end of the runway and scan both
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horizontal and vertical.
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[other scopes to be defined later]
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Please analyze and comment. Please do not generate any code file nor shader files.
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